PSG has now secured the season-opening cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.